Hmong Education Reform Company
Hmong Education Reform Company faces persistent deficit spending and significant liabilities exceeding assets.
EIN: 204244605 · Saint Paul, MN · NTEE: B11 · Updated: 2026-03-28
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Total Revenue | $5.5M |
| Total Expenses | $6.0M |
| Program Spending | 70% |
| CEO/Top Officer Pay | $5 |
| Net Assets | $-1,535,765 |
| Transparency Score | 55/100 |
Is Hmong Education Reform Company Legit?
Some Concerns
Assessment based on IRS 990 filings, spending patterns, and AI analysis. Not a guarantee of legitimacy. Full charity check →
Hmong Education Reform Company directs 70% of its spending to programs. This meets the industry benchmark of 65% for efficient nonprofits.
About Hmong Education Reform Company
Hmong Education Reform Company (EIN: 204244605) is a nonprofit organization based in Saint Paul, MN, classified under NTEE code B11. The organization reported total revenue of $5.5M and total assets of $76.2M according to its most recent IRS 990 filing. This transparency report provides an AI-powered analysis of Hmong Education Reform Company's financial health, spending patterns, executive compensation, and overall mission effectiveness based on publicly available IRS data.
Organization Overview
Hmong Education Reform Company is a mid-size nonprofit that has been operating for 20 years, with 13 years of IRS 990 filings on record (2011–2023). Revenue has grown at a compound annual rate of 15.6%.
Key Financial Metrics (2023)
From the most recent IRS 990 filing on record:
| Total Revenue | $5.5M |
| Total Expenses | $6.0M |
| Surplus / Deficit | $-455,902 |
| Total Assets | $77.9M |
| Total Liabilities | $79.4M |
| Net Assets | $-1,535,765 |
| Operating Margin | -8.3% |
| Debt-to-Asset Ratio | 102.0% |
| Months of Reserves | 156.8 months |
Financial Health Grade: C
In 2023, Hmong Education Reform Company reported a deficit of $456K with expenses exceeding revenue, holds 156.8 months of operating reserves (strong position), has a debt-to-asset ratio of 102.0% (high leverage).
Financial Trends
Over 13 years of filings (2011–2023), Hmong Education Reform Company's revenue has grown at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.6%.
| Year | Revenue Change | Expense Change | Asset Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | +8.1% | +114.0% | -1.9% |
| 2022 | -48.6% | -53.4% | +6.1% |
| 2021 | +121.8% | +8.4% | +34.8% |
| 2020 | +5.2% | +21.9% | -2.0% |
| 2019 | +8.3% | +5.3% | -4.7% |
IRS Tax-Exempt Classification
| IRS Classification Codes | 2000 |
| IRS Ruling Date | 2006 |
Classification data from ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer. Additional BMF data may be available after enrichment.
AI Transparency Report
Mission Effectiveness Score
NonprofitSpending's AI analysis rates Hmong Education Reform Company with a Mission Score of 55 out of 100 (Fair). This score reflects the organization's overall financial transparency, program spending efficiency, and governance indicators derived from IRS 990 public filings.
Spending Breakdown
- admin: 20%
- programs: 70%
- fundraising: 10%
According to IRS 990 filings, Hmong Education Reform Company allocates its expenses as follows: admin: 20%, programs: 70%, fundraising: 10%. Approximately 70% goes to programs, indicating moderate mission focus.
Key Financial Metrics (2023)
From the most recent IRS 990 filing on record:
- The organization reported a deficit of $456K, with expenses exceeding revenue.
- Debt-to-asset ratio: 102.0%.
Executive Compensation Analysis
Executive compensation is consistently reported as 0% across all available filings, indicating that no officers received compensation from the organization, which is highly unusual for an organization with over $5 million in annual revenue and $76 million in assets.
Executive compensation data is sourced from IRS 990 filings, which require nonprofits to disclose the compensation of officers, directors, trustees, and key employees. NonprofitSpending analyzes this data relative to the organization's total revenue and sector benchmarks to assess whether executive pay is reasonable.
Red Flags
The following concerns were identified during AI analysis of Hmong Education Reform Company's IRS 990 filings:
- Consistent deficit spending in multiple years (e.g., 2023, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017).
- Liabilities consistently exceed assets, indicating a negative net asset position (e.g., $79,402,616 liabilities vs. $77,866,851 assets in 2023).
- Significant increase in liabilities from $26,211,075 in 2016 to $79,402,616 in 2023 without a proportional increase in net assets.
- 0% officer compensation reported across all filings, which is unusual for an organization of this size and could indicate compensation is reported differently or not taken.
Strengths
The following positive indicators were identified for Hmong Education Reform Company:
- Significant growth in total assets from $23,363,168 in 2016 to $77,866,851 in 2023, indicating substantial capital acquisition.
- No reported officer compensation, suggesting a commitment to minimizing administrative overhead in this specific area.
Frequently Asked Questions about Hmong Education Reform Company
Is Hmong Education Reform Company a legitimate charity?
Based on AI analysis of IRS 990 filings, Hmong Education Reform Company (EIN: 204244605) some concerns. Mission Score: 55/100. 4 red flags identified, 2 strengths noted.
How does Hmong Education Reform Company spend its money?
Hmong Education Reform Company directs 70% of its spending to programs and services. The remaining budget covers administration and fundraising costs.
Are donations to Hmong Education Reform Company tax-deductible?
Hmong Education Reform Company is registered as a tax-exempt nonprofit (EIN: 204244605). Donations to most 501(c)(3) organizations are tax-deductible. Consult a tax professional for your specific situation.
How much does the Hmong Education Reform Company CEO make?
Hmong Education Reform Company's highest-compensated officer earns $5 annually. The organization reported $5.5M in total revenue. Executive compensation data is disclosed in IRS 990 filings.
What percentage of Hmong Education Reform Company's spending goes to programs?
Hmong Education Reform Company directs 70% to programs, 10% to fundraising. This meets the 65% industry benchmark for efficient nonprofits.
How does Hmong Education Reform Company compare to similar nonprofits?
With a transparency score of 55/100 (Fair), Hmong Education Reform Company is near average for NTEE category B11 nonprofits. The score reflects financial transparency, program spending efficiency, and governance quality based on IRS 990 data.
Where is Hmong Education Reform Company located?
Hmong Education Reform Company is headquartered in Saint Paul, Minnesota and files with the IRS under EIN 204244605. It is classified under NTEE code B11.
How many years of IRS 990 filings does Hmong Education Reform Company have?
Hmong Education Reform Company has 13 years of IRS 990 filings on record at NonprofitSpending. This extensive filing history provides a strong basis for evaluating long-term financial trends. The most recent filing shows $5.5M in total revenue.
Is Hmong Education Reform Company financially sustainable given its consistent deficit spending?
The organization has reported expenses exceeding revenue in multiple years, including 2023 ($5,958,429 expenses vs. $5,502,527 revenue) and 2020 ($5,513,734 expenses vs. $4,464,368 revenue). This trend, coupled with liabilities exceeding assets, raises concerns about long-term financial sustainability.
What is the nature of the organization's substantial liabilities?
With liabilities of $79,402,616 significantly exceeding assets of $77,866,851 in 2023, understanding the composition of these liabilities (e.g., mortgages, bonds, program-related investments) is crucial for assessing financial risk.
How does the organization manage its cash flow with recurring deficits?
Given the consistent deficit spending in several periods, it's important to understand how the organization funds its operations and covers the gap between expenses and revenue, especially without reported officer compensation.
What is the actual functional expense breakdown (program, admin, fundraising)?
Without a detailed functional expense breakdown, it's difficult to accurately assess the organization's spending efficiency and how much of its resources directly support its mission.
Filing History
IRS 990 filing history for Hmong Education Reform Company showing financial trends over 13 years of public records:
Over 13 years of IRS 990 filings (2011–2023), Hmong Education Reform Company's revenue has grown by 467.7%, moving from $969K to $5.5M. Total assets increased by 769.1% over the same period, from $9.0M to $77.9M. Total functional expenses rose by 619.2%, from $828K to $6.0M. In its most recent filing year (2023), Hmong Education Reform Company reported a deficit of $456K, with expenses exceeding revenue. The organization holds $79.4M in liabilities against $77.9M in assets (debt-to-asset ratio: 102.0%), resulting in net assets of $-1,535,765.
| Year | Revenue | Expenses | Assets | Liabilities | Officer Comp. % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | $5.5M | $6.0M | $77.9M | $79.4M | — | View 990 |
| 2022 | $5.1M | $2.8M | $79.4M | $80.5M | — | View 990 |
| 2021 | $9.9M | $6.0M | $74.8M | $78.2M | — | View 990 |
| 2020 | $4.5M | $5.5M | $55.5M | $62.8M | — | — |
| 2019 | $4.2M | $4.5M | $56.6M | $62.9M | — | View 990 |
| 2018 | $3.9M | $4.3M | $59.4M | $65.4M | — | View 990 |
| 2017 | $2.4M | $5.1M | $64.6M | $70.2M | — | View 990 |
| 2016 | $2.0M | $2.1M | $23.4M | $26.2M | — | View 990 |
| 2015 | $2.0M | $2.1M | $23.5M | $26.2M | — | View 990 |
| 2014 | $1.7M | $2.1M | $23.8M | $26.4M | — | View 990 |
| 2013 | $837K | $994K | $28.6M | $29.5M | — | View 990 |
| 2012 | $908K | $875K | $9.3M | $10.1M | — | View 990 |
| 2011 | $969K | $828K | $9.0M | $9.8M | — | View 990 |
Year-by-Year Financial Summary
- 2023: Revenue of $5.5M, expenses of $6.0M, and assets of $77.9M (revenue +8.1% year-over-year).
- 2022: Revenue of $5.1M, expenses of $2.8M, and assets of $79.4M (revenue -48.6% year-over-year).
- 2021: Revenue of $9.9M, expenses of $6.0M, and assets of $74.8M (revenue +121.8% year-over-year).
- 2020: Revenue of $4.5M, expenses of $5.5M, and assets of $55.5M (revenue +5.2% year-over-year).
- 2019: Revenue of $4.2M, expenses of $4.5M, and assets of $56.6M (revenue +8.3% year-over-year).
- 2018: Revenue of $3.9M, expenses of $4.3M, and assets of $59.4M (revenue +65.0% year-over-year).
- 2017: Revenue of $2.4M, expenses of $5.1M, and assets of $64.6M (revenue +20.9% year-over-year).
- 2016: Revenue of $2.0M, expenses of $2.1M, and assets of $23.4M (revenue -2.5% year-over-year).
- 2015: Revenue of $2.0M, expenses of $2.1M, and assets of $23.5M (revenue +17.8% year-over-year).
- 2014: Revenue of $1.7M, expenses of $2.1M, and assets of $23.8M (revenue +104.2% year-over-year).
- 2013: Revenue of $837K, expenses of $994K, and assets of $28.6M (revenue -7.8% year-over-year).
- 2012: Revenue of $908K, expenses of $875K, and assets of $9.3M (revenue -6.3% year-over-year).
- 2011: Revenue of $969K, expenses of $828K, and assets of $9.0M.
View Individual Filing Years
Explore detailed financial data from each IRS 990 filing year for Hmong Education Reform Company:
Data Sources and Methodology
This transparency report for Hmong Education Reform Company is generated by NonprofitSpending's AI analysis engine. The data is sourced from publicly available IRS 990 filings accessed through the ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer API and IRS electronic filing records. The Mission Score, spending breakdown, and other analytical insights are produced by artificial intelligence and should be used as one of multiple factors when evaluating a nonprofit organization.
IRS 990 forms are annual information returns that most tax-exempt organizations must file with the IRS. These forms provide detailed financial information including revenue, expenses, assets, liabilities, and compensation of officers. NonprofitSpending processes this data to provide accessible transparency reports for donors, researchers, and the general public.
Disclaimer
AI-generated analysis based on IRS public records. Not financial or legal advice. Verify information directly with the organization.